russian influence operations origin

Russian and Nato foreign ministers set up Nato-Russia Council with equal role in decision-making on terrorism and other security threats. GEC Special Report: Russia's Pillars of Disinformation and ... In assessing Russian activities outside of Ukraine, I focus on influence operations. On Facebook, it can take forever to scroll to the bottom of a Page's history, but in the Dashboard we could start the feed the time that the first post was created, saving us a lot of time. Horns of a Dilemma: Influence Operations and Active ... Defendants also procured and used computer infrastructure, based partly in the United States, to hide the Russian origin of their activities and to avoid detection by U.S. regulators and law enforcement. According to the United States Intelligence Community and the Director of National Intelligence, there was evidence of the Russian government interfering to hurt democratic nominee, Hillary Clinton. Yet, Russia enjoyed only limited influence over those peacekeeping operations and Russian President Vladimir Putin in 2003 withdrew Russian peacekeepers from UNMIK, along with Russia's peacekeepers in Bosnia, citing the expense of the operations and its need to reallocate military resources elsewhere. Contemporary Influence of the Russian Orthodox Church Within the "Autocephalous" Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia purpose of this paper is to highlight the parasitic al influence that the Russian Orthodox Church has upon its allegedly autocephalous Czech counterpart—t he Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia. Today, every 15 minutes an oil tanker makes . Russia's Game in the Balkans - Carnegie Endowment for ... How Russia's "influence operations" targeted the midterms ... Bioweapons, secret labs, and the CIA: pro-Kremlin ... - Medium The GRU is a large, expansive organization under the command of Russia's Ministry of Defense and Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu. The report then analyzes U.S.-Russia relations, including U.S. policy during the current and prior Administrations and recent congressional actions. Aktivnye meropriyatiya, "active measures," was a term used by the Soviet Union (USSR) from the 1950s onward to describe a gamut of covert and deniable political influence and subversion operations, including (but not limited to) the establishment of front organizations, the backing of friendly political movements, the orchestration of domestic unrest and the spread of disinformation. . A Russian Sukhoi Su-35 fighter lands at the Russian military base of Hmeimim, located southeast of the city of Latakia in Hmeimim, Latakia governorate, Syria, on Sept. 26, 2019. Russian Influence Operations in Germany and Their Effect ... 364. China and Russia: Achieving Decision Dominance and ... This is the first instalment examining Russian information warfare, the use of social media, and the US election. Russia: Playing a Geopolitical Game in Latin America ... The Orthodox Church and Russian Politics | Wilson Center eventually Russian rule and influence. But there is another story taking shape. Regarding Russia's involvement in conflicts in Georgia, see, for example, Svante Cornell, Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus (Routledge, 2005), pp. To develop best approaches to these troubling trends, the United States must first understand the challenges posed by China and Russia, including each . Adversaries that tried to interfere in the last two presidential elections continue to bombard Americans with disinformation and conspiracy theories at a time of peril for democracy in the U.S. and . Editor's Note: The following post is an excerpt of a full report.To read the entire analysis, click here to download the report as a PDF. Malicious Cyber Activities and Influence Operations Sanctions imposed on Russian persons in response to malicious cyber activities and influence operations in the United States or elsewhere are based on four authorities: E.O. To understand this fully, one must first consider Russian information warfare concepts before examining three specific Russian information warfare tools. The more antiquated IO doctrine distinguished between information warfare and information operations. Two of the defendants allegedly traveled to the United States in 2014 to collect intelligence for their American political influence operations. The study, "Propaganda or Not: Examining the Claims of Extensive Russian Information Operations within the United States," is a content analysis of articles published in four websites labeled by Prop or Not as working on behalf of the Russian government. Their wide-ranging discussion covers everything from Soviet active measures in Chile, to the theory of reflexive control that governed Soviet influence operations, to the response in the United States to Operation JADE HELM, Russian interference in the 2016 election, and the role of social media in advancing political warfare goals. Influence Operations and Active Measures: The History of Soviet and Russian Political Warfare in the West. to influence local populations—including information operations, cyber operations and the use of proxies, economic influence, clandestine operations, and political influence. Moreover, the actual concerns of Russian citizens did not match the broader political objectives of the Church, even if 80 percent of the population identified with the Church. RAND research has enabled military leaders and policymakers to develop strategies and policy frameworks to address the challenges of these military operations. 13694, as amended by E.O. Mr. Putin, who has a long history of ruthlessly subverting the international rules-based order, . Russia's operations in Crimea benefited from highly favorable circumstances — political, historical, geographical, and military — that limit their generalizability. Popular narratives on Russia's geopolitical interests in the Balkans point to two rather divergent directions. How Russia's "influence operations" targeted the midterms (and how they still do) Indictment of financier for "Project Lakhta" tied to Internet Research Agency campaign. Contemporary Influence of the Russian Orthodox Church Within the "Autocephalous" Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia purpose of this paper is to highlight the parasitic al influence that the Russian Orthodox Church has upon its allegedly autocephalous Czech counterpart—t he Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia. Countering Russian Influence in Europe and Eurasia Act of 2017 (CRIEEA; P.L. 115-44/H.R. intelligence operations—such as cyber activity—with overt efforts by Russian Government agencies, state-funded media, third-party intermediaries, and paid social media users or "trolls." Russia, like its Soviet predecessor, has a history of conducting covert influence campaigns focused on US Russia's operations in Crimea benefited from highly favorable circumstances — political, historical, geographical, and military — that limit their generalizability. 3 The actors can come from . David Shimer's "Rigged" explores the history of U.S. and Russian influence operations, and the risks that remain ahead of the 2020 election. Russian Influence Operations. Throughout history, Russia's Black Sea ports, as the country's only warm water ports, have always served its economic interests. This is certainly true in many instances; however, identifying the wiring of Russian influence can be difficult as it can not only come from planned operations but also from standard geopolitical practice, spontaneous civic activities, and many other actions and events that contribute to achieving Russian objectives. During the 2016 U.S. presidential election campaign, Kilimnik provided the Russian Intelligence Services with sensitive information on polling and campaign strategy. In 1710 the Russian Tsar, Peter I conquered the North-East part of current Latvia - Vidzeme, which together with Riga provided an exit to the Baltic Sea and its important trading lines. For example, on the eve of World War I, 50 percent of all Russian exports, and 90 percent of its agriculture exports, passed through the Bosphorus out of the Black Sea. Russia is building its military influence in Africa, challenging U.S. and French dominance Published Mon, Sep 13 2021 1:27 AM EDT Updated Mon, Sep 13 2021 2:15 AM EDT Elliot Smith @ElliotSmithCNBC Information operations and warfare, also known as influence operations, includes the collection of tactical information about an adversary as well as the dissemination of propaganda in pursuit of a competitive advantage over an opponent. ; The coup attempt in October 2016 was influence in action as it sought to foment political chaos and prevent Montenegro from joining the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Stanford Internet Observatory: Using CrowdTangle to Identify and Analyze Russia-Linked Influence Operations in Africa. Their wide-ranging discussion . 1 Peter Mattis, "China's 'Three Warfares' In Perspective," War on the Rocks, 30 January 2018.. 2 Edwin S. Cochran, "China's 'Three Warfares': People's Liberation Army Influence Operations," International Bulletin of Political Psychology, Volume 20, Issue 3, 7 September 2020, 3-4.. 3 Jessica Brandt and Bret Schafer, "How China's 'Wolf Warrior' Diplomats Use and . 3364 Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act [CAATSA], Title II). Caught by surprise by Russia's influence operations against the West, governments in the United States and Europe are now establishing processes, agencies, and laws to respond to disinformation . Beginning in 2011, Russia began experimenting with the use of social media for covert influence campaigns abroad, shifting attention in a new direction. Voters with Social Media delves deeper into the mechanics of Russian disinformation and misinformation strategies; revealing how they manifest online and influence the electorate. In response, Russia views the media and the internet as tools to defend its authoritarian state and ideology both at home and abroad through dissemination of its own views and propaganda efforts. In the military context, the only current example of Russian operations outside of Ukraine is Syria, where the most unconventional aspect is Russian support of proxy forces, which the United States and its allies are also engaged in. . 2002 October - Chechen rebels seize a Moscow theatre and . 2 A. Toppe, T-8 Problems of Supply in Far Reaching Operations, Foreign Military Studies Branch, T-8, US Army War College, Carlisle, PA, 1951. Members of the U.S. Senate Intelligence Committee traveled to Ukraine and Poland in 2016 and learned about Russian operations to influence their elections. The report outlines the five . What Russia Wants In The Balkans. Russian espionage occurred during the 2016 US presidential election.There were numerous reports of Russian interference in the election since the nomination of President Trump occurred. Senator McCain called for a special select committee of the U.S. Senate to investigate Russian meddling in the election, and called election meddling an "act of war". Analysts Paul Stronski and Annie Himes wrote in a report for the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in 2019 that the goal of Russian influence operations is to create "Russian-friendly . Overall, the effects of Russian information and influence operations appear less pronounced in Germany than in many other states, including the United States. As White House Chief of Staff John Kelly testified before the Senate Armed Services Committee in March 2015 in his capacity as head of the U.S. Southern Command, the arm of the U.S. military responsible for operations in Central and South America: . Chinese and Russian influence doesn't come through just information operations. The 2008 Russia -Georgia War was a playbook of its later operations in Ukraine, in terms of how it probes for weak spots, exploits internal crises, and seeks to redraw borders along its buffer region . . Christopher Chandler, the 58-year-old New Zealand-born founder of a think tank that had a significant influence on the Brexit debate, claims that a private investigator based in Washington, DC, was the original source of "demonstrably false" allegations of money laundering, organised crime, and Russian espionage against him and his . 3 This summer, Russian pro-government media, referring to the methodological materials of the Ministry of Finance, reported that the government had for the first time allocated funds from the federal budget for the so-called "programme to counter falsifications and distortions of the history of World War II." The three-year programme (from 2021 to 2023 inclusive) will be supported by . Analysis of the operation underscores that there are many remaining unknowns about Russia's military capabilities, especially in the aftermath of its military reforms and . A Brief History of Influence Operations To understand the role of disinformation in contemporary society, it is helpful to look at examples of how national governments, non-governmental organizations, and informal groups of individuals in modern history have used influence operations to sway public opinion both domestically and internationally. In The country's actions, especially during the 2016 U.S. elections, have brought cyber information operations out of the shadows and into the limelight. on the evolution of Russia's cyber forces, which highlights the parallels between the existing doctrine and the Russian military scientific literature on one hand, and the organizational culture of Russia's main cyber departments and the nature of Russia's cyber operations on the other. "To a certain extent, this cannot be . 5-6. Other articles where history of Russia is discussed: Russia: Prehistory and the rise of the Rus: …is now the territory of Russia since the 2nd millennium bce, but little is known about their ethnic identity, institutions, and activities. corruption which creates open-field running for Russian influence operations in the country. Carter Malkasian, A History of Modern Wars of Attrition (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2002), pp. The Center for Strategic and International Studies issued this 1997 report on Russian organized crime as part of its Global Organized Crime Task Force headed by William H. Webster, former FBI chief. The Russian influence campaign in 2016 was run by a St. Petersburg company called the Internet Research Agency, owned by a businessman, Yevgeny V. Prigozhin, who is a close ally of President . Specifically, Russia Konstantin Kilimnik (Kilimnik) is a Russian and Ukrainian political consultant and known Russian Intelligence Services agent implementing influence operations on their behalf. Such was the general situation in 2008, when Papkova published her book on the Orthodox Church and Russian politics. For many Americans, Russian hacking remains a story about the 2016 election. Russia's attacks on Estonia in 2007, its attacks on Ukraine with BlackEnergy in 2015 and NotPetya in 2017, and its ongoing cyber operations demonstrate the Kremlin's view of Eastern Europe as a primary target for cyber operations. The conflict in Ukraine is viewed by some as part of a renewed geopolitical rivalry between western powers and Russia. By early 2017, the extent of Russian involvement in American social media was clear, and online disinformation campaigns finally began to attract sustained attention from a wide range of . Countering Russian Influence in Europe and Eurasia Act of 2017 (CRIEEA; P.L. In ancient times, Greek and Iranian settlements appeared in the southernmost portions of what is now Ukraine. intelligence operations—such as cyber activity—with overt efforts by Russian Government agencies, state-funded media, third-party intermediaries, and paid social media users or "trolls." Russia, like its Soviet predecessor, has a history of conducting covert influence campaigns focused on US
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